CHEMICAL HAZARDS

Carbon Monoxide: Overview

Carbon Monoxide (CO) is a colorless and odorless gas that can be toxic to humans in high enough concentrations. It is a byproduct of incomplete composition of fuels, such as natural gas and kerosene, and is commonly produced during the use of gas stoves, kerosene heaters and vehicle engines. Consequently, the risk of CO poisoning is highest during the winter months. In enclosed or partially enclosed areas, CO can accumulate and concentrate when fuel-burning machines are not properly adjusted or used in poorly ventilated areas. According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), CO poisoning is responsible for more than 50,000 emergency department visits and more than 400 deaths in the United States each year.

Some symptoms of CO poisoning include:

• Severe headaches and dizziness;
• Nausea, vomiting and fatigue; and,
• Symptoms alleviate quickly after leaving an area with high CO concentration.

Carbon Monoxide: Methods of Prevention

Some ways to prevent CO poisoning include:

• Have your heating system, water heater, and any other gas, oil, wood or coal-burning appliances inspected by a qualified technician every year;
• Install an approved CO monitor on each level of your home or office building;
• Inspect homes after heavy snow fall and make sure snow is removed from around exhaust stacks, vents and fresh-air intakes;
• Don’t use a generator, charcoal grill, camp stove, or other gasoline- or charcoal-burning devices inside your home, basement, or garage; and
• Ensure generators are located at least 20 feet from an occupied structure.

Understanding the causes and effects of CO poisoning can reduce hazards during the winter months and throughout the year. Ensure you stay safe by recognizing the hazard before it can cause an injury or worse.